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MALAYSIAN JOURNAL
OF |
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NUTRITION |
Official publication of
the Nutrition
Society of Malaysia
Since March 1995
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2005, Volume 11 No. 2
ARTICLE 4
Inadequate Intake of Calcium and Dairy Products Among
Pregnant Women in Ahwaz City, Iran
Majid Karandish1, Behnoush Mohammadpour-Ahranjani2, Arash Rashidi2,
Mohsen Maddah3, Mohammad-Reza Vafa4, Tirang-Reza Neyestani2
1 Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Ahwaz Jondi-Shapour University of Medical Sciences and
Health Services, Ahwaz, Iran
2 National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Sh. Beheshti University of
Medical Sciences and Health Services, Tehran, Iran
3 Faculty of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Rasht, Iran
4 Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Rafsanjan,
Iran
ABSTRACT
Inadequate calcium intake is considered a public health problem in some
vulnerable groups, especially pregnant women. The aim of this study was to
determine the pattern of dietary calcium intake among urban pregnant women
in Ahwaz City in south west Iran. Participants comprised 339 pregnant women
(26±5.5 yrs) in the 28th-32nd week of gestation, who had attended selected
urban health centres in Ahwaz City in 2004. Dietary calcium intake was estimated
using a 43-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Calcium intakes
equivalent to, or more than, 1000 mg/d were considered as "adequate". Mean
(±SD) daily intakes of dietary calcium and dairy products were 644±255 mg
and 1.3±0.7 servings per day, respectively. On average, dairy products provided
49% of dietary calcium. About 43% of participants were consuming =1 serving
of dairy products per day; and 89% of them did not meet adequate intake
of calcium. A high proportion of pregnant women in Ahwaz City did not take
enough calcium and dairy products. It is suggested that the consumption of
enough calcium and dairy products should be emphasised in the nutrition
education component of maternal health programmes. Further research at the
country level should be undertaken in order to assess the need for fortification
of food with calcium and/or to provide calcium supplements to vulnerable
groups.
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